# sparse autoencoder tutorial

A decoder: This part takes in parameter the latent representation and try to reconstruct the original input. Going from the input to the hidden layer is the compression step. Starting from the basic autocoder model, this post reviews several variations, including denoising, sparse, and contractive autoencoders, and then Variational Autoencoder (VAE) and its modification beta-VAE. Autoencoders have several different applications including: Dimensionality Reductiions. This tutorial builds up on the previous Autoencoders tutorial. Here is my visualization of the final trained weights. Next, we need add in the sparsity constraint. It is aimed at people who might have. Sparse Autoencoders. An Autoencoder has two distinct components : An encoder: This part of the model takes in parameter the input data and compresses it. Regularization forces the hidden layer to activate only some of the hidden units per data sample. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) (this tutorial) Neural Style Transfer Learning; Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) For this tutorial, we focus on a specific type of autoencoder ca l led a variational autoencoder. Sparse autoencoder 1 Introduction Supervised learning is one of the most powerful tools of AI, and has led to automatic zip code recognition, speech recognition, self-driving cars, and a continually improving understanding of the human genome. The next segment covers vectorization of your Matlab / Octave code. In this way the new representation (latent space) contains more essential information of the data Recap! That is, use “. Sparse activation - Alternatively, you could allow for a large number of hidden units, but require that, for a given input, most of the hidden neurons only produce a very small activation. stacked_autoencoder.py: Stacked auto encoder cost & gradient functions; stacked_ae_exercise.py: Classify MNIST digits; Linear Decoders with Auto encoders. Sparse Autoencoder¶. Introduction¶. Autoencoder Applications. Then it needs to be evaluated for every training example, and the resulting matrices are summed. I won’t be providing my source code for the exercise since that would ruin the learning process. In this tutorial, you will learn how to use a stacked autoencoder. For example, Figure 19.7 compares the four sampled digits from the MNIST test set with a non-sparse autoencoder with a single layer of 100 codings using Tanh activation functions and a sparse autoencoder that constrains $$\rho = -0.75$$. In this tutorial, we will answer some common questions about autoencoders, and we will cover code examples of the following models: a simple autoencoder based on a fully-connected layer; a sparse autoencoder; a deep fully-connected autoencoder; a deep convolutional autoencoder; an image denoising model; a sequence-to-sequence autoencoder Speci - /Filter /FlateDecode ^���ܺA�T�d. The k-sparse autoencoder is based on a linear autoencoder (i.e. Given this fact, I don’t have a strong answer for why the visualization is still meaningful. Next, we need to add in the regularization cost term (also a part of Equation (8)). See my ‘notes for Octave users’ at the end of the post. _This means they’re not included in the regularization term, which is good, because they should not be. We can train an autoencoder to remove noise from the images. All you need to train an autoencoder is raw input data. These can be implemented in a number of ways, one of which uses sparse, wide hidden layers before the middle layer to make the network discover properties in the data that are useful for “clustering” and visualization. This equation needs to be evaluated for every combination of j and i, leading to a matrix with same dimensions as the weight matrix. The objective is to produce an output image as close as the original. Sparse Autoencoder based on the Unsupervised Feature Learning and Deep Learning tutorial from the Stanford University. Image Compression. In the lecture notes, step 4 at the top of page 9 shows you how to vectorize this over all of the weights for a single training example: Finally, step 2  at the bottom of page 9 shows you how to sum these up for every training example. In ‘display_network.m’, replace the line: “h=imagesc(array,’EraseMode’,’none’,[-1 1]);” with “h=imagesc(array, [-1 1]);” The Octave version of ‘imagesc’ doesn’t support this ‘EraseMode’ parameter. I've tried to add a sparsity cost to the original code (based off of this example 3 ), but it doesn't seem to change the weights to looking like the model ones. This was an issue for me with the MNIST dataset (from the Vectorization exercise), but not for the natural images. Sparse Autoencoders Encouraging sparsity of an autoencoder is possible by adding a regularizer to the cost function.